Method and apparatus for handling liquids



Aug. 10, 1937. -M.S. YOUNG 2,089,777

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR HANDLING LIQUIDS Filed Feb. 9, 1935 I 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 J INVENTOR. 24 Marvin S. you/Z55 ATTORNEYS Aug. 10, 1937. YOUNG METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR HANDLING LIQU'VIDS Filed Feb. 9, 1955 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 INYENTOR Man m 5. Young Aug. 10, 1937. M. s. YOUNG 2,089,777

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR HANDLING LIQUIDS Filed Feb. 9, 1935 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 r-Q, ezo. 7 O

' i 'T"@ i onna annon uuuuauuuv INVENTOR. Marvin S. ourg Aug. 10, 1937. M. s. YOUNG METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR HANDLING LIQUIDS Filed Feb. 9, 1935 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 Aug. 10, 1937. My 5, YOUNG, 2,089,777

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR HANDLING LIQUIDS Filed Feb. 9, 1955 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 INVENTOR. Mam/17715. r3

neared Aug. no, war

PATENT QFFICE.

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR HANDLING' mourns Marvin S. Young, Scarsdale, N. Y. Application February 9,1935, Serial No. 5,720

16 Claims.

This invention relates to improvements in fiuid handling systems and more particularly to. a method and apparatus for handling bulk quantities of liquids and for dispensing unit quan- 5 tities thereof by a self-contained pump integrally secured within the shippingcontainer.

It is oneof the principal objects of my invention to provide an improved system for distributing bulk quantities. of liquids and to pre- 10 vent the unauthorized substitution thereof which includes the initial shipment to the local dealer of a non-refillable bulk container with a retail dispensing pump confined therein and a re-shipment of the empty container to an authorized 15 filling source having the cooperating key means for removing the pump and refilling of the container. v

Another object of my invention is to provide a combined pump and container in which the pump is locked in a liquid tight manner to the drum and is carried within the confines of the drum during shipment, such pump being movable into a pumping position for the complete drainage of the container.

Q Another object of my invention is to provide a telescoping dispensing pump having a. rigid discharge nozzle as an operating handle, such pump being adapted for confinement during shipment within a shipping container, such 'pump being 30 normally locked in said container to prevent unauthorized substitution of liquids in the shipping container in a non-refillable relation.

Another object of my invention is to provide an improved system for the transportation and 35 delivery of semi-viscous liquids, such as lubricating oils, which includes the initial shipment of a container filled from an authorized supply to a dealer who is enabled to fill unit dispensing containers from an included pump integrally secured 40 within the shipping container, which pump is provided with a nozzle solely cooperating with the unit container.

A further and more detailed object of my invention is to provide an improved pump having a 45 discharge nozzle which is pivoted and foldable into alignment with the pump so that the entire pumping mechanism may be inserted through the bung of a normal shipping container such pump being provided with a locking mechanism where- 50 by the pump may be removed only by a cooperating key, such pump preventing the filling of the shipping container when in locked position.

A further detailed object of my invention is to provide a pump adapted to be integrallyse- 55 cured to and confined within a shipping container in which the pump has telescoped units for convenient pumping in extended position, with a discharge nozzle extending over the side of the container and valve mechanism so that the pump may be operated on a natural downward move- 5' ment by the operator.

Another detailed object of my invention is to provide a tumbler lock key for releasing a pump secured to a drum, such key being provided with a plurality of tumblers-which are adjustable to release locks of different combinations, such key also having pump turning and lifting means to facilitate removal of a pump for refilling of the drum.

Further objects and advantages of my invention will-appear from the following description thereof taken in connection with the attached drawings which illustrate preferred forms of embodiment thereof and in which:

Fig. 1 is\an elevation of a shipping drum, pump and unit container with parts broken away;

Fig. 2 is a top plan view of the apparaus shown in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a partial side elevation of the drum shown in Fig. 1 with parts in section to show the drum in a sealed condition with the pump wholly contained therein;

Fig. 4 is a vertical section taken substantially along the lines 44 of Fig. 2 and showing the pump in operative position;

Fig. 5 is a partial side elevation of the pump nozzle in the unit container locking position;

Fig. 6 is a vertical section and Fig. 7 is a horizontal section of the pump swivel connection taken substantially along the lines 6-6 and 1-! respectively of Fig. 4;

Fig. 8 is a horizontal section taken substantially along the lines 88 of Fig. 4 and showing the cooperating locking mechanism with the key in position;

Fig. 9 is a vertical section of the pump and key removal mechanism taken substantially along the line 9-4? of Fig. 2;

Fig. 10 is a horizontal section taken substantially along the lines l0-l0 of Fig. 9;

Fig. 11 is a partial plan view with parts in section showing the pump released; I

Fig. 12 is a detailed vertical sectional view of the locking mechanism showing the co-action of the keys and tumblers;

Fig. 13 is a partial horizontal section taken along the lines l3-|3 of Fig. 12 showing the key tumbler releasing pins;

Fig. 14 is a bottom plan view of the removal key;

Fig. 14a is a detailed elevation of a key tumbler releasing pin;

Fig. 15 is a detail elevation of the discharge control 'nozzle;

Fig. 16 is a top plan view of the nozzle shown in Fig. 15;

. Fig. 17 is a detailed elevation of the nozzle as shown in Fig. 15 with the control arm in released position;

Fig. 18 is an elevation of the discharge control nozzle and infiow receiving nozzle with the control arm in open valve position;

Fig. 19 is a vertical section taken along the lines i9l9 of Fig. 18;

Fig. 20 is a side elevation with parts in section of a modified form of shipping drum with a fixed pump head adapted to be confined in a recess in the drum during shipping.

Fig. 21 is atop plan view of the drum shown 20 in Fig. 20;

Fig. 22 is a partial side elevation with parts in section of the drum shown in Fig. 20, with the pump in operative'position, and' g Fig. 23 is a detailed vertical section of the pump 25-securing means.

I have heretofore disclosed a combination discharge and inflow control means in my Reissue Patent No. 19,366, in which I have provided a unit container, with a particular pouring spout,

which is non-refillable except through a special receiving conduit adapted to cooperate with authorized filling means. Such apparatus .has proved effective to prevent unauthorized substitution of liquids, especially oils of the lubrieating type. The authorized dischargenozzle for such equipment however, has previously been fitted to the usual pump upon a bulk container which is refilled, when necessary, at the point of use.

40 In my present invention, I eliminate the stationary bulk container and the usual refilling operation by providing a bulk container, preferably in the form of a drum, which can be used as a returnable shipping container and which is provided with a pump which is locked to the drum and which may have an authorized discharge control nozzle, for direct filling of my previous form of otherwise non-refillable dispensing units. With the pump locked in, the

drum is non-refillable except at the refinery which controls the key for removal of the pump.

It is desirable, in order to commercially adapt such apparatus to present conditions, to use a standard drum as faras possible and to modify the drum only to provide for the pump. For such purpose I provide a locking member on the drum to receive my preferred form of dispensing pump, such pump being locked thereto and carried within the confines of the drum to prevent damage during shipping. Although in the preferred forms of embodiment shown in Figs. 1 to 19 inclusive, the nozzle and all parts of the pump are carried entirely within the drum, the nozzle may be carried in a suitable recess in the drum head as shown in Figs. 20 to 23 inclusive.

As an example of one form of apparatus in which my invention may becarried out, I show v in Fig. l a drum I0 having a single filling opening inwhich is fixed a ring II which supports and carries the pump by which the liquid in the drum I0 may be discharged into a container I3. This unit container is preferably of the type shown havinga special pouring spout I4, which as will be hereinafter described, contains an inflow control nozzle which will cooperate only with a special cooperating discharge nozzle I5 which may be carried on the pump stem I2. This particular construction is more clearly shown and described in my prior, Patent No. 1,984,005, issued December 11, 1934.

The pump has a tubular barrel I5 which extends to the bottom of the drum I0. It may be desirable to provide a sump II in the bottom of the drum so that complete drainage of the drum I0 may be assured and such sump acts as a guide for the lower end of the pump to prevent weaving and breakage in transit.

The pump stem I2, which actuates the piston, together with the combined nozzle and handle at its upper end, are adapted to move into a position entirely within the confines of the pump barrel I 6 as shown in Fig. 3, so that a cover I9 may be used to prevent accidental movement of the pump stem out of the container during shipment. Thiscover I9 may be screwed to the ring II and sealed to a sealing ring I90. or it may be secured by any simple form of wire seal that will accomplish the same purpose. The drum is also preferably provided with a gauge element 20 for checking the contents of the drum. Such gauge is not removable and is so nearly the size of the opening that leakage and refilling are effectively prevented.

The pump piston is formed by opposed washers 2I near the end of the stem. A ball check valve 22 is carried near the end of the stem within a cage 23 shown in Fig.4, and a second ball valve 24 is carried in the bottom of the pump barrel I6 as shown in Fig. 1. In the usual manner of operation, raising of the stem I2 will substantially fill the pump barrel and on a subsequent downward movement the stem I2 will become filled with liquid. The pump I2 has a spring loaded check valve 30 to vent the drum as shown in Figure 8'.

After the pump I2 has been completely filled with liquid, a subsequent downward movement will force the liquid into the discharge nozzle I5 through the swivel head 25 as more particularly shown in Figs. 4, 6 and 7. The swivel head 25 is provided with a tapered conical projection 250. which enters into a suitable opening in-the fixed head I2a' at the top of the pump stem.l2, the parts being held together by a spring 26 and adjustable screw 21. The liquid will pass through the swivel connection and will enter the discharge nozzle I5, such nozzle being provided with a valve 28 controlling discharge ,into the filling nozzle M on the receiving container E3. The swivel head 25 is also provided with a shoulder 25b against which a detent 29 mounted on the fixed head I M. cooperates, to hold the nozzle in right angled position during normal operation. When the detent is displaced from the notch however, the discharge nozzle I5 may be folded into an'alignment position as heretofore described so that the entire assembly may be replaced in the pump barrel I6. Preferably the drum is moved to an angular position to allow the ball check valve 24 to uncover the port in the pump cylinder so that the pump may be replaced in the cylinder, such ball normally sealing said cylinder against return flow.

To prevent unauthorized removal of the pump, it is locked to the ring II, whichis permanently secured as by welding to the drum I0. This ring member II is provided with slotted portions adjacent cam members 3I as shown in Fig. 11 and the pump barrel I6 has a cooperating sealing flange 32, provided with cam members 33 which a ew with the cam members 3|. After the pump carrying flange 32 is inserted-in the ring H and given a partial rotation, it will be held in a leakproof condition by the -co-action of the respective cam members and the drum cannot be filled while the-pump is in place.

Removal of the pump is which has a plurality of vertically movable tumblers 35 which are similar to the tumblers of the well known tumbler look. In the locked position the tumblers project past abutments onthe ring so that rotation of the flange 32 is impossible, and the cam members therefore cannot be disengaged.

In order to operate the pump after delivery to the dealer, the pump stem I2 is partly withdrawn from the pump barrel I8 and the nozzle i5 moved into place.

In order that the pump may operate properly and with a full stroke, it is necessary to provide a bearing for the stem above the upperend of the pump barrel, whereas it is necessary that such bearing be movable out of operative position to'permit the pump stem and the nozzle to be stowed as before described. Accordingly, a combined guide-bearing and sealing collar is used in the form of a sleeve 36.which fits and slides in the upper part of the pump barrel. In its raised or operative position the sleeve 38 acts also, by engagement'with the stem head 36a, as a stop to limit the downward stroke of the pump stem. The collar is retained in operative position by spring-pressed detents 31 engaging the top of the flange member 32.

The detents 31 may be forced inward when desired so that the pump may entirely collapse within the drum as heretofore described. A spring 38, placed between the pump washers 2| and the sealingcap 36,.acts as a stop to prevent damage to the washers when the pump stem is raised to its uppermost position.

The nozzle I5 is turned to a position so that the receptacle l3 clears the side of the drum |0 so that a full pump stroke canbe used.

The operation of the nozzle |5 with relation to the unit container I3 is generally disclosed in my previous Patent No. 1,984,005, heretofore mentioned. The pouring spout on the receivingcontainer I3 is provided with an opening 48 through which the liquid may be introduced, such opening being spaced under a ledge 4| so that it is normally inaccessible. The opening 40 is adapted to be reached by the projection of the authorized nozzle l5 and the valve 28 will be immediately adjacent the opening so that the flow may be direct and positive. Normally the unit container I3 is held in position against the nozzle l5 by a cam 42 which tends to lock the parts together and prevent leakage. In the particular apparatus shown in detail in Fig. 19 the cam 42 is held in operative position by a spring 43 and is rotated by a lever 44, which lever also operates the valve 28 by rocking the cam 45a as shown in Fig. 4 by operation of the cam shaft 45. This is brought about by the link-46 so that when the lever moves to the closed position as shown in Fig. 18

the cam 450. will lift the valve 28 against the spring 41.

The lever 44 is mounted on an eccentric 48 on the end of the cam shaft 42 and as the lever 44 is moved in a counter-clockwise direction a shoulder 44a on the lever will engage a projecting lug 48a on the eccentric. Therefore this counterclockwise movement will rotate the cam 42 so prevented by a lock properly in position with the projection 48 of the receiving nozzle of pouring spout |4 engaging the cam 42, the cam 42 will be held from reverse rotation normally induced by spring 43 thus holding the eccentric 48 in a new position as shown in Fig. 18.

The lever 44 in its clockwise rotation is free to move through a greater angle with the container in place, as the greater distance between the center of eccentric 48 and the s'top 5|| will allow the offset surface 5| of the lever to engage with the stopas shown in Fig. 18 rather than the surface 52 as shown in Fig. 15. This additional movementcauses the cam 45a. to open the valve 28. It is therefore essential to operation of this form of embodiment that-the receiver be in position before discharge takes place. This is, of course, the preferable operation, but it will be obvious that any simple form of valve, or in fact,

no valve at all may be used in connection with the nozzle, although with less effectiveness.

After the drum has been emptied and returned.

for refilling, the pump must be' removed. I

therefore provide a pump removing key as genermay be used not only to turn and unlock the' pump but also to raise it from the drum. The key is also provided with a plurality of projecting key tumbler releasing members 51 as shown in Fig. 14, each of which coacts with the upper end of one of the tumblers 35 of the looking mechanism, as shown in Fig. 12.

The releasing members have separate surfaces in different elevation as shown in Fig. and thus of different effective length so that the key can be changed to suit the lock combination..

These tumbler releasing members are preferably provided with square shanks 58 as shown in Fig. 13 to hold the members against unintended rotation.

When the key is brought into contact with the cooperating pump lock, the tumblers are released as shown in Fig. 12, so that the pump may be given a partial turn to release thecam members 33 and the pump may then be entirely withdrawn from the container. In a similar manner the pump is reinserted in the container after refilling.

A modified construction of a container and pump is shown in Fig. 20 in which the drum 60 has a head 6| and chimes 62. In this construction the pump stem 63 is similarly carried in a pump barrel 64 but the nozzle 65 is not adapted to telescope within the pump barrel, but it is provided with a fixed elbow 66. The drum head 6|, however, is provided with a recess 6|a in which the nozzle 65 is normally carried and a sealing ring 61 will hold the pump in collapsed position during shipment. The pump is provided with a guide-bearing sleeve 68 similar to that shown in the previous construction.

As shown in Fig. 21, the recess 6|a need b but a small section of the drum head and need be only deepenough so that the pump nozzle 65 may be contained within the plane of the extremity or chime 82 of thedrum. The locking mechanism may be, as shown in the drawings,

of the same form as that used in the other described embodiment of the invention.

I have mentioned and described but two forms of embodiment of my invention but it is to be understood that they merely illustrate the general features although I find that they are practical and commercially successful. Many mod ifications can be made however, and I therefore desire a broad interpretation of my invention within the scope and spirit of my description herein and of my claims appended hereinafter.

. I claim:

1. In combination with a liquid shipping drum of the class described, a secured pump mounted therein, said pump normally sealing said drum against refilling, part of said pump being moveable out of said drum whereby said pump may be operated, means to hold said moveable part of said pump within said drum during shipment and means to hold said moveable part out of said drum during operation.

2. In a shipping container having an opening therein, closure receiving means at'said open ing, said closure receiving means including a telescoped "pumping mechanism extending into 4 and confined within said container, and a seal secured to said closure receiving means to prevent withdrawal of parts of said pumping mechanism.

3. In a shipping container having an opening therein, closure receiving means at said opening, said closure receiving means including :a telescoped pumping mechanism extending into and confined within said container, means secured to said closure receiving means to prevent withdrawal of parts of said-pumping mechanism and tumbler locking means to secure said pumping mechanism against removal from said container. 4. The combination with a liquid receiving 40 drum, of a pump, means to support said pump within the confines of said drum, said pump being adapted to withdraw substantially all of the liquid from said drum, locking means to retain sa'id pump in said drum, and means within said pump to prevent refilling of the drum, said pump having telescoping members whereby one member of said pump may be partially withdrawn to operate the pump and a discharge nozzle on the'end of said member.

5. The combination witha liquid receiving drum, of a pump, means to support the pump within the confines of said drum, locking means to retain said pump in said drum, and means within said pump to prevent refilling of the drum,

an operating member for said pump, said operating member having a discharge nozzle thereon, said discharge. nozzle being swiveled to the operating member whereby said nozzle may be moved into alignment with the operating member and telescoped within the drum.

6. In combination with a liquid receiving drum, a pump having a telescoping member carried within the confines of said drum, said pump being adapted to withdraw substantially all of the liquid from said drum, locking means means to hold the nozzle in an angular position whereby said pump may be operated, and a. valve mechanism in said pump arranged for discharge on a downward stroke.

7. Apparatus for preventing unauthorized substitution of'liquids in shipping containers of the class described, which comprises a drum, a pump extending into an opening in the drum, disengageable means including a collar in said open-' ing and mechanism on said pump in co-operative relationship with said collar to hold the pump in the drum against removal, said pump including an operating member adapted to be withdrawn from the drum to discharge the contents of the drum, but provided with means preventing the filling of the drum therethroughand key releasable means extending through said holding means, whereby the pump is normally locked in the drum and may be removedonly as authorized and by the use of the proper key. N

8. A ship'ping'container of the class described having an opening,-and a pump'secured' in and removal, said tumbler lock means being releasable by a cooperating key to permit removal of said pump for refilling of said drum, said pump including a'tube extending substantially to the bottom of the said drum and valve means in said pump whereby said pump will discharge on reciprocation.

10. A liquid shipping container of the class described provided with a filling opening, a oneway fiow pump locked in said opening against unauthorized removal and preventing. filling through said opening, tumbler lock means releasable by a cooperating key to permit removal of said pump for refilling of said container, and a fixed discharge nozzle for said pump, said nozzle being carried within the confines oi the container.

11. A shipping container of the class described having a filling opening, a pump locked in said container against unauthorized removal, said pump preventing filling through said opening, tumbler lock means to prevent removal of the pump-from the drum, said tumbler lock means being releasable by a cooperating'key to permit removal of said pump for refilling of said container, said pump including a plurality of telescoping pump tubes, said tuhes having valve means whereby said pump will discharge, said pump having a rigid discharge nozzle, and means to retain said nozzle below the outer edge of the chimes of the container.

12. A collapsible pump for .a shipping drum adapted to be secured at the bung therein which comprises a tube of a length to extend substantially to the bottom of a drum in which the pump is to be attached, a second and movable pump tube, a sleeve on the movable tube and means to hold the sleeve above the top of the first tube to hold the pump parts in extended position, a discharge nozzle on the end of the movable tube to control the discharge of liquids, said nozzle being swivelled and adapted to collapse and be contained entirely within the first pump tube, means to hold the discharge nozzle rigid at an angle to the pump tubes for operation of the pump as a handle, and valve means in said pump preventing return fiow o1 liquidthrough said pump.

13. The combination, with a drum provided with an opening, of a hung therefore, a pump secured to the bung thereof, said pump having valves therein whereby said pump on reciprocation will discharge liquids from said container, said pump being carried by a supporting ring secured at the opening of the drum, cam means on the supporting ring and on the pump, means to rotate the pump to engage said cam surfaces and seal said opening against leakage, and a plurality of tumblers-cooperating with said supporting ring and said opening to prevent removal of said pump from said opening, said tumblers being releasable by the coaction of a key having predetermined cooperative tumbler. releasing members.

14. A key for removing a pump from a container which comprises a handle portion, a pump engaging portion and a plurality of tumbler releasing members, said tumber releasing members being variable whereby the effective combination of the key may be changed.

15. In a shipping and dispensing apparatus, the combination of a container with a head and an opening therein, a pump comprising a barrel, a piston movable in the barrel, a hollow stem for moving the piston, and valves for controlling liquid flow from the pump barrel through the stem, a nozzle for discharging liquid flowing through the stem, means for connecting the nozzle with the stem and for holding the nozzle rigidly at an angle with the stem, means for attaching the upper end of the pump barrel to the head of the container at said opening in the head, with the pump barrel depending within the container, and a cap for closing said opening, the respective dimensions of the parts and the opening being such that the pump stem, the nozzle and the nozzle-holding means may be depressed entirely through said opening and covered by the cap while the nozzle remains connected with the pump stem.

16. In a shipping and dispensing apparatus, the combination of a container with a head and an opening therein, a pump barrel attached to said head at said opening and depending within the container, a piston movable within the pump barrel, a stem for moving the piston, a guide-bearing member, for -said stem, movable mm an operative position, in which it projects above the level of said head, to a position below said level, and means for holding said guide-bearing member releasably in its operative position.

MARVIN S. YOUNG. 

